Private Limited Company Registration in India
Incorporate your company under the Companies Act, 2013 — DIN, DSC, MOA/AOA, and SPICe+ filing handled end-to-end via MCA21.
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300+
Companies incorporated
7–10 days
Average turnaround
No minimum
Paid-up capital required
100%
MCA21 compliant process
What is a Private Limited Company?
A Private Limited Company is the most popular and versatile business structure in India — a separate legal entity with limited liability, perpetual existence, and the ability to raise equity capital from investors. Governed by the Companies Act, 2013 and regulated by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), it is the preferred vehicle for startups, SMEs, and foreign-backed ventures.
The word "private" means the company restricts the right to transfer shares and limits its membership to 200. Unlike a public company, it cannot invite the general public to subscribe to its shares or debentures — giving founders control while still permitting structured private investment rounds.
A Private Limited Company is the only structure that combines limited liability, investor-readiness, ESOP capability, and FDI under the automatic route — in a single, MCA-registered entity.
Incorporation is done via the SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating a Company Electronically Plus) form on the MCA21 portal — which simultaneously applies for PAN, TAN, GST, PF, ESI, and a business bank account through the integrated AGILE-PRO sub-form.
Governed under
Companies Act, 2013
Regulated by
MCA / Registrar of Companies (ROC)
Minimum directors
2 (max 15)
Minimum shareholders
2 (max 200)
Resident director
1 mandatory (182+ days in India)
Minimum paid-up capital
None (no statutory minimum)
Name must end with
"Private Limited"
FDI allowed?
✓ Yes — automatic route (most sectors)
Public listing?
✗ Not permitted (must convert first)
Why Incorporate as a Private Limited Company?
Limited Liability Protection
Shareholders' personal assets are fully protected. Liability is limited to the face value of shares subscribed — creditors cannot pursue personal property.
Separate Legal Entity
The company is a distinct person in law — it can own property, open bank accounts, enter contracts, and sue or be sued independently of its owners.
Investor-Ready Structure
The most preferred structure for angel, VC, and PE investment. Issue equity and preference shares with ease — your cap table is built for fundraising.
FDI Under Automatic Route
Foreign Direct Investment is permitted in most sectors without prior RBI or government approval — ideal for international co-founders and global investors.
ESOP Ready
Attract and retain top talent with Employee Stock Option Plans. ESOPs are legally straightforward for a Private Limited Company.
Perpetual Existence
The company continues regardless of changes in shareholders or directors. It survives the death, resignation, or insolvency of any individual member.
Eligibility & Statutory Requirements
At Incorporation
| Minimum directors | 2 (at least 1 must be a resident Indian) |
| Minimum shareholders | 2 (directors and shareholders can overlap) |
| Paid-up capital | No minimum requirement under law |
| Authorised capital | At least ₹1,000 (stamp duty applies) |
| Name format | Must end with "Private Limited" |
| Registered office | Physical address in India required |
Resident Director Requirement
| Who qualifies? | Indian citizen or foreign national staying in India |
| Minimum stay | 182 days in the preceding calendar year |
| Penalty for non-compliance | Company: ₹50,000 / Director: ₹5,000 per day |
| Foreign co-founders | Can be directors — but 1 resident Indian required |
Statutory Limits at a Glance
Authorised vs Paid-up Capital
Authorised capital is the maximum you can ever issue (set in MOA — stamp duty applies). Paid-up capital is what's actually subscribed and paid. You can start low and increase paid-up capital as you grow — within the authorised limit.
Recommended Starting Capital
₹1,00,000
Industry standard to establish credibility with banks and vendors
How to Incorporate a Private Limited Company
Fully handled via MCA21 SPICe+ — from DSC procurement to Certificate of Incorporation in 7–10 working days.
Obtain DSC for All Directors
Every proposed director must obtain a Class-3 Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) from an MCA-authorised provider. DSC is used to digitally sign all MCA21 forms and is mandatory for directors without an existing valid DSC.
Obtain DIN (Director Identification Number)
DIN is allotted automatically for up to 3 new directors when filing SPICe+ Part B — no separate DIR-3 form needed for new companies. Existing directors can reuse their current DIN.
Reserve Company Name
Submit up to 2 name options via SPICe+ Part A. The name must end with "Private Limited" and must not be identical or similar to existing registered names or trademarks. MCA approves within 2–3 working days.
Draft MOA & AoA
Memorandum of Association (object clause, authorised capital, subscriber details) and Articles of Association (board powers, share transfer restrictions, dividend policy, governance rules) are drafted to MCA standards.
File SPICe+ Part B with AGILE-PRO
The main incorporation form is filed with: MOA, AOA, director declarations (INC-9), registered office proof, and AGILE-PRO — which simultaneously applies for GST registration, Employees' Provident Fund (EPF), ESI, and a business bank account.
Receive Certificate of Incorporation
MCA issues the Certificate of Incorporation containing the Corporate Identification Number (CIN), PAN, and TAN — all included in a single document. The company is now a legal entity.
Post-Incorporation Compliance
File INC-20A (commencement of business declaration) within 180 days. Hold the first Board Meeting within 30 days, appoint the first statutory auditor (ADT-1), set up statutory registers, and open a current bank account.
Documents Required
Directors & Shareholders (each person)
- PAN Card (mandatory for Indian nationals)
- Passport (mandatory for foreign nationals)
- Aadhaar / Voter ID / Driving Licence (identity proof — any one)
- Bank statement or utility bill (address proof, max 2 months old)
- Passport-size photograph (recent)
- Personal mobile number and email ID for MCA portal
Registered Office
If Owned
- Property ownership / title deed
- Latest electricity or water bill (address proof)
If Rented / Virtual Office
- Rent / service agreement
- No-Objection Certificate (NOC) from landlord
- Utility bill matching the address
Company Details
- Proposed company name options (up to 2 for SPICe+)
- Nature of business / object clause (in plain English — we draft the legal version)
- Proposed authorised capital amount
- Shareholding split between all subscribers
- Designation of each director (Managing Director / Director)
Compliance Calendar
First-Year Post-Incorporation Filings
| Deadline | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Within 30 days of CoI | First Board Meeting |
| Within 30 days of CoI | Appoint statutory auditor — Form ADT-1 |
| Within 30 days of CoI | Set up statutory registers (members, directors, charges) |
| Within 180 days of CoI | File INC-20A (commencement of business declaration) |
| Within 9 months of FY end | First Annual General Meeting (AGM) |
| Before first AGM | Statutory audit of financial statements |
Annual Recurring Filings
| Form | Purpose | Due Date |
|---|---|---|
| DIR-3 KYC | Director KYC (all DIN holders) | 30 September |
| AOC-4 | Financial statements filing | Within 30 days of AGM |
| MGT-7A | Annual return (small companies) | Within 60 days of AGM |
| ITR-6 | Income Tax Return | 31 October |
| Stat. Audit | Mandatory annual audit | Before AGM |
| Board Mtgs | Min 4 per year (≤120 days gap) | Throughout the year |
What a Private Limited Company Can and Cannot Do
✓ Permitted Activities
- Accept FDI under the automatic route in most sectors
- Issue equity shares, preference shares, and debentures to private investors
- Offer Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) to employees
- Raise funding through private placement to up to 200 persons per financial year
- Have up to 200 shareholders across any number of rounds
- Convert to a public limited company to access stock markets
- Enter into Shareholders' Agreements (SHA) with investors
✗ Prohibited Activities
- Cannot invite the general public to subscribe to shares or debentures
- Cannot list on any stock exchange without converting to a public company
- Cannot exceed 200 shareholders at any point in time
- Cannot accept deposits from the public (Section 73 of Companies Act)
- Cannot freely transfer shares — Articles of Association impose restrictions
- Cannot issue shares at a discount (except sweat equity within prescribed limits)
Why Incorporate with
Juris Capital Advisory?
Chartered Accountants & CSs
Statutory competence across CA and Company Secretary disciplines — your filing meets every MCA standard.
7–10 Day Incorporation
Faster than the industry norm of 15–25 days through streamlined MCA21 SPICe+ filing workflows.
Complete DSC-to-CoI Handling
We manage DSC procurement, DIN, MOA/AOA drafting, SPICe+ filing, and Certificate delivery — end-to-end.
100% Confidential
All business information, shareholding structures, and client details are protected under professional privilege.
Dedicated Relationship Manager
A named CA or CS guides you from incorporation through your first year of mandatory post-CoI compliances.
Pan-India Service
Registrations handled for founders based in Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, and all other cities.
Transparent Fixed Fees
Government fees, stamp duty, DSC charges, and professional fees — all included. No hidden billing surprises.
First-Year Compliance Support
After incorporation: INC-20A, first AGM, AOC-4, MGT-7A, DIR-3 KYC, and auditor appointment — we track it all.
What Our Clients Say
“Juris Capital incorporated our SaaS company within 9 days. DSC, DIN, name approval, MOA/AOA — handled without us touching a single MCA form. The Certificate of Incorporation arrived with PAN and TAN already embedded.”
Ravi Shankar
Co-founder, SaaS Startup, Chennai
“We had three co-founders including one NRI. JCA structured the shareholding correctly under FEMA, handled the resident director requirement, and filed the SPICe+ flawlessly. No back-and-forth, no delays.”
Karthik Subramaniam
Founder, E-commerce Venture, Bangalore
“As a doctor setting up a medtech company, I knew nothing about MCA compliance. The JCA team explained every form, filed everything on time, and even helped me understand ESOP basics for my team. Truly full-service.”
Dr. Meera Patel
Founder, MedTech Startup, Mumbai
Frequently Asked Questions
Incorporate Your Private Limited Company
in 7–10 Days
Our ICAI-registered CAs and CSs manage DSC, DIN, MOA/AOA, and MCA21 SPICe+ filing — you receive the Certificate of Incorporation with CIN, PAN, and TAN included.